Inglês

Read the text below.

What is hunger?

Acute hunger or starvation are often highlighted on TV

screens: hungry mothers too weak to breastfeed their children in

drought-hit Ethiopia, refugees in war-torn Syria queuing for food

rations, helicopters airlifting high energy biscuits to earthquake

victims in Haiti or Pakistan.

These situations are the result of high profile crises like

war or natural disasters, which starve a population of food. Yet

emergencies account for less than eight percent of hunger's

victims.

Daily undernourishment is a less visible form of hunger –

but it affects many more people, from the shanty towns of

Jakarta in Indonesia and the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh to

the mountain villages of Bolivia and Nepal. In these places,

hunger is much more than an empty stomach.

For weeks, even months, its victims must live on

significantly less than the recommended 2,100 kilocalories that

the average person needs to lead a healthy life.

The body compensates for the lack of energy by slowing

down its physical and mental activities. A hungry mind cannot

concentrate, a hungry body does not take initiative, a hungry

child loses all desire to play and study.

Hunger also weakens the immune system. Deprived of the

right nutrition, hungry children are especially vulnerable and

become too weak to fight off disease and may die from common

infections like measles and diarrhea. Each year, almost 7 million

children die before reaching the age of five; malnutrition is a key

factor in over a third of these deaths

(Source: Levels and Trends in Child Mortality,

IGME, 2012 in http://www.wfp.org).

How much food do you need?

The energy and protein that people need varies according

to age, sex, body size, physical activity and, to some extent,

climate. On average, the body needs more than 2,100

kilocalories per day per person to allow a normal, healthy life.

Extra energy is needed during pregnancy and while breastfeeding.

Choose the alternative that presents the singular form of the demonstrative pronoun in the sentence below. These situations are the result of high profile crises like war or natural disasters [_]”.